Organizational behavior (OB) is conventionally organized around three levels: individual, group and organization. Drawing on the levels-of-analysis, context and institutional literatures, this article argues that a fourth, sociological level of explanation can be distinguished: not a larger container or a context variable, but a level at which societal-scale structures (institutions, power relations, meaning systems, political-economic regimes, stratification, historical sequences, technological infrastructures, transnational flows and religious-spiritual systems) generate behavioral regularities that organization-level variance cannot reveal. Using reflexive, hybrid (inductive-deductive) thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke) of a purposively selected corpus of 87 conceptual and empirical works (1905-2024), nine organizing themes were derived and arranged in three analytic clusters. The themes were reformulated into a four-layer systems model (following Robbins' systems view) with six macro-micro mechanisms, each specified by actors, process, conditions, outcomes, limits and direction, and six testable propositions were stated. The contribution is a theoretical synthesis and re-formulation rather than an empirically tested causal theory; a systematic applied example, managerial implications, limitations and a research agenda are presented.