مطالعات رفتار سازمانی

مطالعات رفتار سازمانی

تأثیر رهبری دوسوتوان بر دوسوتوانی کارکنان با تأکید بر میانجیگری رفتارهای منعطف و سازگار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
مهدی دهقانی سلطانی
رضا سلیمانی دامنه
استادیار گروه مدیریت دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد دانشگاه ولی‌عصر (عج) رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران
چکیده
در این مطالعه، تأثیر رهبری دوسوتوان بر دوسوتوانی کارکنان با تأکید بر میانجیگری رفتاهای منعطف و سازگار بررسی می‎شود. این پژوهش کاربردی، کمی و توصیفی-پیمایشی است. جامعۀ آماری آن را کارکنان و مدیران شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط در شهر کرمان تشکیل می‌دهند برای نمونه‌گیری نیز از روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای تصادفی استفاده شده است. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه بوده است که روایی آن از طریق روایی صوری و پایایی آن نیز با آلفای کرونباخ ارزیابی و تأیید شده است. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری و نرم‌افزار لیزرل استفاده شد. یافته‎ها حاکی از آن است که رفتارهای باز و بستۀ رهبران به ترتیب به بروز رفتارهای نوآوری اکتشافی و بهره‌بردار از سوی کارکنان منجر خواهد شد. بر طبق نتایج به دست آمده، استفاده از آمیزه‌ای از هر دو رفتار رهبری یا رهبری دوسوتوان به افزایش بروز رفتارهای نوآورانه دو جانبه یا دوسوتوان توسط کارکنان منجر می‎شود و در پیش گرفتن رهبری دوسوتوان از سوی مدیران شرکت‎های کوچک و متوسط در دستیابی به رفتارهای بهینه و نوین کاری کارکنان ضروری است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
رهبری دوسوتوان
دوسوتوانی کارکنان
رفتار منعطف-سازگار
شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The Impact of Ambidextrous Leadership on Employee Ambidexterity with Mediating role of Adaptive/Flexible Behavior

نویسندگان English

Mahdi Dehghani Soltani
Reza Soleimani Damaneh
Assistant Professor, In Management, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economic, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
چکیده English

In this study, the facilitator role of SME leaders in the emergence of innovative employee behaviors is investigated. The employee and Manager of Small and Medium Interprise in city of Kerman were consisted the research population. Random sampling method and Cochran formula were used for obtaining a sample. The standard questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting required data which its validity and reliability were examined through the content validity and Cronbach's alpha, respectively. LISREL software and structural equation modeling was used for data analyzing. Findings indicate that open and closed behaviors of leaders will lead to exploratory and exploitative innovation behaviors by employees, respectively. According to the results, the use of a mixture of both leadership and bipolar leadership behaviors leads to an increase in the occurrence of innovative bilateral or bipolar innovative behaviors by employees and the adoption of bipolar leadership by managers of small and medium enterprises. It is essential to achieve optimal and innovative employee behaviors.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Ambidextrous Leadership
Employee Ambidexterity
Adaptive/Flexible Behavior
Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs)
  1. دهقانی سلطانی، مهدی؛ رمضانی، سارا؛ کوشان، امیرحسین و رضایی، فائزه (1397)، تأثیر رابطه­مداری درک‌شده برند بر عملکرد برند با تبیین نقش احساسات مورد انتظار و هویت­یابی مشتری با برند (موردمطالعه: مشتریان هتل لاله تهران)، فصلنامه مدیریت برند، 5 (15): 138-107.
  2. دهقانی سلطانی، مهدی و جنیدی جعفری، مهدی (1399)، تأثیر دلبستگی شغلی بر بهزیستی و کنترل بر کار: نقش میانجی سرمایه روان‌شناختی، فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت (بهبود و تحول)، 29 (95):
    185-161.
  3. دهقانی سلطانی، مهدی؛ شول، عباس و رمضانی، سارا (1398)، تأثیر ارزش زیست‌محیطی و تصویر سبز بر تمایل به تبلیغ دهان‌به‌دهان با تبیین نقش اعتماد سبز و تمایل به پرداخت در چارچوب مدل SOR، فصلنامه مدیریت بازرگانی، 11 (4): 804-824.
  4. دهقانی سلطانی، مهدی و مصباحی، مریم (1397)، بررسی تأثیر خویشاوندگرایی بر عملکرد کاری کارکنان با نقش میانجی شایستگی‌های آنان، فصلنامه مطالعات رفتار سازمانی، 7 (4): 25-1.
  5. دهقانی سلطانی، مهدی؛ مصباحی، مریم و درویش، محدثه (1400)، تأثیر رهبری تحول­گرا و اطلاع­رسانی شفاف بر استقبال کارکنان از تغییر با تبیین نقش میانجی اعتماد سازمانی، فصلنامه مطالعات رفتار سازمانی، 10(2): 104-77.
  6. رضایی­منش، بهروز؛ رحیمیان، محمد و سدیری جوادی، عاطفه (1400)، نقش ذهن­آگاهی بر محیط کار باتوجه‌به نقش میانجی انعطاف­پذیری شناختی، فصلنامه مطالعات رفتار سازمانی، 10 (1): 153-127.
  7. مؤمنی، منصور و فعال قیومی، علی (1398)، تحلیل­های آماری با استفاده از SPSS، تهران، انتشارات مؤلف.
  8. Alghamdi, F. (2018). Ambidextrous leadership, ambidextrous employee, and the interaction between ambidextrous leadership and employee innovative performance. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 7(1), 1-12.
  9. Anzola-Roman, P., Bayona-Saez, C., & Garcia-Marco, T. (2018). Organizational innovation, internal R&D and externally sourced innovation practices: Effects on technological innovation outcomes. Journal of Business Research, 91, 233-247.
  10. Ardichvili, A., Cardozo, R.N. & Gasparishvili, A. (1998). Leadership styles and management practices of Russian entrepreneurs: implications for transferability of western hard interventions. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 9(2), 145-155.
  11. Bagheri, A. (2017). The impact of entrepreneurial leadership on innovation work behavior and opportunity recognition in high-technology SMEs. The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 28(2), 159-166.
  12. Bagheri, M., Mitchelmore, S., Bamiatzi, V. & Nikolopoulos, K. (2019). 'Internationalization Orientation in SMEs: The Mediating Role of Technological Innovation. Journal of International Management, 25(1), 121-139.
  13. Bamiatzi, V., Jones, S., Mitchelmore, S. & Nikolopoulos, K. (2015). The role of competencies in shaping the leadership style of female entrepreneurs: The case of North West of England, Yorkshire, and North Wales. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(3), 627-644.
  14. Baškarada, S., Watson, J. & Cromarty, J. (2016). Leadership and organizational ambidexterity. Journal of Management Development, 35(6), 778-788.
  15. Bessant, J., Lamming, R., Noke, H. & Phillips, W. (2005). Managing innovation beyond the steady state. Technovation, 25, 1366-1376.
  16. Bledow, R., Frese, M., & Müller, V. (2011). Ambidextrous leadership for innovation: The influence of culture. In W. H. Mobley, M. Li, & Y. Wang (Vol. Eds.), Advances in global leadership, 6, 41-69.
  17. Bodlaj, M., Kadic-Maglajlic, S. & Vida, I. (2018). Disentangling the impact of different innovation types, financial constraints and geographic diversification on SMEs’ export growth. Journal of Business Research, 108, 466-475.
  18. Cabral, B.P., Sousa, F.L., & Canedo-Pinheiro, M. (2020). Assessing the impacts of innovation barriers: a qualitative analysis of Brazil's natural resources industry. Resources Policy, 68, 101-111.
  19. Cao, Q., Gedajlovic, E. & Zhang, H. (2009). Unpacking organizational ambidexterity: Dimensions, contingencies, and synergistic effects. Organization Science, 20(4), 781-796.
  20. Chang, Y.Y. & Hughes, M. (2012). Drivers of innovation ambidexterity in small-to medium-sized firms. European Management Journal, 30(1), 1-17.
  21. Chen, T., Li, F. & Leung, K. (2016). When does supervisor support encourage innovative behavior? Opposite moderating effects of general self-efficacy and internal locus of control. Personnel Psychology, 69, 123-158.
  22. Constant, F., Calvi, R., & Johnsen, T.E. (2020). Managing tensions between exploitative and exploratory innovation through purchasing function ambidexterity. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 26(4), 22-36.
  23. Dahlander, L. & Gann, D.M. (2010). How open is innovation? Research Policy, 39(6), 699-709.
  24. Dunne, T. C., Aaron, J. R., McDowell, W. C., Urban, D. J., & Geho, P. R. (2016). The impact of leadership on small business innovativeness. Journal of Business Research, 69(11), 4876-4881.
  25. Feiz, D., Dehghani Soltani, M., & Farsizadeh, H. (2019). The effect of knowledge sharing on the psychological empowerment in higher education mediated by organizational memory. Studies in Higher Education, 44(1), 1-18.
  26. Francis, B., Mani, S.B., Sharma, Z., & Wu, Q. (2021). The impact of organization capital on firm innovation. Journal of Financial Stability, 53, 124-141.
  27. Gibson, C.B. & Birkinshaw, J. (2004). The antecedents, consequences, and mediating role of organizational ambidexterity. Academy of Management Journal, 47(2), 209-226.
  28. Hameed, W.U., Nisar, Q.A., & Wu, H.C. (2021). Relationships between external knowledge, internal innovation, firms’ open innovation performance, service innovation and business performance in the Pakistani hotel industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 92, 121-132.
  29. Hervas-Oliver, J.L., Sempere-Ripol, F., & Boronat-Moll, C. (2021). Technological innovation typologies and open innovation in SMEs: Beyond internal and external sources of knowledge. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 162, 330-338.
  30. Hoegl, M., & Parboteeah, K.P. (2006). Team reflexivity in innovative projects. R&D Management, 36(2), 113-125.
  31. Hong, J., Zheng, R., Deng, H., & Zhou, Y. (2019). Green supply chain collaborative innovation, absorptive capacity and innovation performance: Evidence from China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 241, 118-129.
  32. Hunter, S.T., Thoroughgood, C.N., Myer, A.T. & Ligon, G.S. (2011). Paradoxes of leading innovative endeavors: Summary, solutions, and future directions. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 5(1), 54-71.
  33. Jansen, J., Vera, D. & Crossan, M. (2009). Strategic leadership for exploration and exploitation: The moderating role of environmental dynamism. The Leadership Quarterly, 20(1), 5-18.
  34. Junni, P., Sarala, R.M., Taras, V. & Tarba, S.Y. (2013). Organizational ambidexterity and performance: A meta-analysis. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 27(4), 299-312.
  35. Kaiser, R.B. & Overfield, D.V. (2010). Assessing flexible leadership as a mastery of opposites. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 62, 105-118.
  36. Kanat-Maymon, Y., Elmelech, M., & Roth, G. (2020). Work motivations as antecedents and outcomes of leadership: Integrating self-determination theory and the full range leadership theory. European Management Journal, 38(4), 555-564.
  37. Kassotaki, O. (2019). Explaining ambidextrous leadership in the aerospace and defense organizations. European Management Journal, 37(5), 552-563.
  38. Kumar, S., & Singh, B. (2019). Barriers to the international diffusion of technological innovations. Economic Modelling, 82, 74-86.
  39. Larsson, J. & Vinberg, S. (2010). Leadership behavior in successful organizations: Universal or situation-dependent? Total Quality Management, 21(3), 317-334.
  40. Leonidou, E., Christofi, M., Vrontis, D. & Thrassou, A. (2018). An integrative framework of stakeholder engagement for innovation management and entrepreneurship development. Journal of Business Research, 24(5), 421-436.
  41. Lewis, M.W., Andriopoulos, C. & Smith, W. (2014). Paradoxical leadership to enable strategic agility. California Management Review, 56(3), 58-77.
  42. Lin, H.E. & McDonough, E.F. (2011). Investigating the Role of Leadership and Organizational Culture in Fostering Innovation Ambidexterity. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 58(3), 497-509.
  43. Lyu, Y., Zhu, Y., Han, S., He, B., & Bao, L. (2020). Open innovation and innovation "Radicalness" the moderating effect of network embeddedness. Technology in Society, 62, 101-1114.
  44. Oldham, G.R. & Cummings, A. (1996). Employee creativity: Personal and contextual factors at work. Academy of Management Journal, 39(3), 607-634.
  45. Oluwafemi, T.B., Mitchelmore, S., Nikolopoulos, K. (2020). Leading innovation: Empirical evidence for ambidextrous leadership from UK high-tech SMEs. Journal of Business Research, 119, 195-208.
  46. Ovuakporie, O.D., Pillai, K.G., Wang, C. & Wei, Y. (2021). Differential moderating effects of strategic and operational reconfiguration on the relationship between open innovation practices and innovation performance. Research Policy, 50(1), 104-116.
  47. Rosing, K., Frese, M. & Bausch, A. (2011). Explaining the heterogeneity of the leadershipinnovation relationship: Ambidextrous leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(5), 956-974.
  48. Rosing, K., Rosenbusch, N. & Frese, M. (2010). Ambidextrous leadership in the innovation process. Innovation and international corporate growth (191-204). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.
  49. Ryan, J.C. & Tipu, S.A. (2013). Leadership effects on innovation propensity: A twofactor full range leadership model. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 2116-2129.
  50. Shalley, C.E., Zhou, J., & Oldham, G.R. (2004). The effects of personal and contextual characteristics on creativity: Where should we go from here? Journal of Management, 30(6), 933-958.
  51. Shibata, T., Baba, Y., Kodama, M., & Suzuki, J. (2018). Managing ambidextrous organizations for corporate transformation: A case study of Fujifilm. R&D Management.
  52. Tung, F.C., & Yu, T.W. (2016). Does innovation leadership enhance creativity in high-tech industries? Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 37(5), 579-592.
  53. Vaccaro, I. G., Jansen, J. J., Van Den Bosch, F.A., & Volberda, H. W. (2012). Management innovation and leadership: The moderating role of organizational size. Journal of Management Studies, 49(1), 28-51.
  54. Van de Vrande, V., De Jong, J.P., Vanhaverbeke, W. & De Rochemont, M. (2009). Open innovation in SMEs: Trends, motives and management challenges. Technovation, 29(6-7), 423-437.
  55. Venkataraman, S. (2002). Stakeholder value equilibration and the entrepreneurial process. Business Ethics Quarterly: The Ruffin Series, 3, 45-58.
  56. Vera, D. & Crossan, M. (2004). Strategic leadership and organizational learning. Academy of Management Review, 29(2), 222-240.
  57. Williamson, P.J., Wan, F., Yin, E., & Lei, L. (2020). Is disruptive innovation in emerging economies different? Evidence from China. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 57, 121-134.
  58. Xia, T. & Roper, S. (2016). Unpacking open innovation: Absorptive capacity, exploratory and exploitative openness, and the growth of entrepreneurial biopharmaceutical firms. Journal of Small Business Management, 54(3), 931-952.
  59. Xie, X. & Wang, H. (2021). How to bridge the gap between innovation niches and exploratory and exploitative innovations in open innovation ecosystems. Journal of Business Research, 124, 299-311.
  60. Zacher, H., Robinson, A. J., & Rosing, K. (2016). Ambidextrous Leadership and Employees' Self-Reported Innovative Performance: The Role of Exploration and Exploitation Behaviors. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 50(1), 24-46.
  61. Zacher, H., & Rosing, K. (2015). Ambidextrous leadership and team innovate on. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 36(1), 54-68.
  62. Zacher, H. & Wilden, R.G. (2014). A daily diary study on ambidextrous leadership and self-reported employee innovation. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87(4), 813-820.
  63. Zahra, S., Ireland, R. & Hitt, M. (2000). International expansion by new venture firms: international diversity, mode of market entry, technological learning, and performance. The Academy of Management Journal, 43(5), 925-950.
  64.  

 

مطالعات رفتار سازمانی
دوره 11، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 43
پاییز
پاییز 1401
صفحه 31-60